Chapter 4. Using PostGIS: Data Management and Queries
The GIS objects supported by PostGIS are all the vector types defined in the "Simple Features for SQL 1.2.1" standard defined by the OpenGIS Consortium (OGC), and the ISO "SQL/MM Part 3: Spatial" document. In addition, PostGIS supports a raster type (no standards exist to follow), and a topology model (following an early draft ISO standard for topology that has not been published as yet).
https://postgis.net/docs/manual-2.1/using_postgis_dbmanagement.html#PostGIS_GeographyVSGeometry